Dissemination

Title:Towards improving Wikidata reuse with emerging patterns

Author:Valentina Anita Carriero, Paul Groth, Valentina Presutti

Publication:3rd Wikidata Workshop 2022, International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022)

Date:24.10.2022

The ontology underlying Wikidata has not been formalized. Instead, its semantics emerges from the use of its classes and properties. Flexible rules and suggestions have been defined by the Wikidata project for the use of its ontology, however, it is still often difficult to reuse the ontology’s constructs. In this paper, we describe a method for extracting emerging patterns from (a domain-specific portion of) Wikidata, in the form of statistically frequent domain-property-range triplets. We show the results of our experiments on a Wikidata subset addressing the music domain, and compare them with the current support present in Wikidata. These patterns can provide guidance for the use of the Wikidata ontology and its potential improvement.

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Title:Pitchclass2vec: Symbolic Music Structure Segmentation with Chord Embeddings

Author:Nicolas Lazzari, Andrea Poltronieri, Valentina Presutti

Publication:1st Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Creativity co-located with 21th International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence(AIxIA 2022)

Date:24.03.2023

Structure perception is a fundamental aspect of music cognition in humans. Historically, the hierarchical organization of music into structures served as a narrative device for conveying meaning, creating expectancy, and evoking emotions in the listener. Thereby, musical structures play an essential role in music composition, as they shape the musical discourse through which the composer organises his ideas. In this paper, we present a novel music segmentation method, pitchclass2vec, based on symbolic chord annotations, which are embedded into continuous vector representations using both natural language processing techniques and custom-made encodings. Our algorithm is based on long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network and outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques based on symbolic chord annotations in the field.

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Title:The Music Annotation Pattern

Author:Jacopo de Berardinis, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Andrea Poltronieri, Valentina Presutti

Publication:13th Workshop on Ontology Design and Patterns (WOP2022), International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022)

Date:30.03.2023

The annotation of music content is a complex process to represent due to its inherent multifaceted, subjectivity, and interdisciplinary nature. Numerous systems and conventions for annotating music have been developed as independent standards over the past decades. Little has been done to make them interoperable, which jeopardises cross-corpora studies as it requires users to familiarise with a multitude of conventions. Most of these systems lack the semantic expressiveness needed to represent the complexity of the musical language and cannot model multi-modal annotations originating from audio and symbolic sources. In this article, we introduce the Music Annotation Pattern, an Ontology Design Pattern (ODP) to homogenise different annotation systems and to represent several types of musical objects (e.g. chords, patterns, structures). This ODP preserves the semantics of the object’s content at different levels and temporal granularity. Moreover, our ODP accounts for multi-modality upfront, to describe annotations derived from different sources, and it is the first to enable the integration of music datasets at a large scale.

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Title:Observing LOD: Its Knowledge Domains and the Varying Behavior of Ontologies Across Them

Author:Luigi Asprino, Valentina Presutti

Publication:IEEE Access

Date:27.02.2023

Linked Open Data (LOD) is the largest, collaborative, distributed, and publicly-accessible Knowledge Graph (KG) uniformly encoded in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and formally represented according to the semantics of the Web Ontology Language (OWL). LOD provides researchers with a unique opportunity to study knowledge engineering as an empirical science: to observe existing modelling practices and possibly understanding how to improve knowledge engineering methodologies and knowledge representation formalisms. Following this perspective, several studies have analysed LOD to identify (mis-)use of OWL constructs or other modelling phenomena e.g. class or property usage, their alignment, the average depth of taxonomies. A question that remains open is whether there is a relation between observed modelling practices and knowledge domains (natural science, linguistics, etc.): do certain practices or phenomena change as the knowledge domain varies? Answering this question requires an assessment of the domains covered by LOD as well as a classification of its datasets. Existing approaches to classify LOD datasets provide partial and unaligned views, posing additional challenges. In this paper, we introduce a classification of knowledge domains, and a method for classifying LOD datasets and ontologies based on it. We classify a large portion of LOD and investigate whether a set of observed phenomena have a domain-specific character.

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Title:CLEF. A Linked Open Data native system for Crowdsourcing

Author:Marilena Daquino, Mari Wigham, Enrico Daga, Lucia Giagnolini, Francesca Tomasi

Publication:Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage

Date:01.06.2022

Collaborative data collection initiatives are increasingly becoming pivotal to cultural institutions and scholars, to boost the population of born-digital archives. For over a decade, organisations have been leveraging Semantic Web technologies to design their workflows, ensure data quality, and a means for sharing and reusing (Linked Data). Crucially, scholarly projects that leverage cultural heritage data to collaboratively develop new resources would benefit from agile solutions to simplify the Linked Data production workflow via user-friendly interfaces. To date, only a few pioneers have abandoned legacy cataloguing and archiving systems to fully embrace the Linked Open Data (LOD) paradigm and manage their catalogues or research products through LOD-native management systems. In this article we present Crowdsourcing Linked Entities via web Form (CLEF), an agile LOD-native platform for collaborative data collection, peer-review, and publication. We detail design choices as motivated by two case studies, from the Cultural Heritage and scholarly domains respectively, and we discuss benefits of our solution in the light of prior works. In particular, the strong focus on user-friendly interfaces for producing FAIR data, the provenance-aware editorial process, and the integration with consolidated data management workflows, distinguish CLEF as a novel attempt to develop Linked Data platforms for cultural heritage.

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Title:Improving Language Model Predictions via Prompts Enriched with Knowledge Graphs

Author:Ryan Brate, Minh-Hoang Dang, Fian Hoppe, Yuan He, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Vijay Sadashivaiah

Publication:CEUR-WS Workshop Proceedings

Date:13.04.2023

Despite advances in deep learning and knowledge graphs (KGs), using language models for natural language understanding and question answering remains a challenging task. Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown to be able to leverage contextual information, to complete cloze prompts, next sentence completion and question answering tasks in various domains. Unlike structured data querying in e.g. KGs, mapping an input question to data that may or may not be stored by the language model is not a simple task. Recent studies have highlighted the improvements that can be made to the quality of information retrieved from PLMs by adding auxiliary data to otherwise naive prompts. In this paper, we explore the effects of enriching prompts with additional contextual information leveraged from the Wikidata KG on language model performance. Specifically, we compare the performance of naive vs. KG-engineered cloze prompts for entity genre classification in the movie domain. Selecting a broad range of commonly available Wikidata properties, we show that enrichment of cloze-style prompts with Wikidata information can result in a significantly higher recall for the investigated BERT and RoBERTa large PLMs. However, it is also apparent that the optimum level of data enrichment differs between models.

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Title:The Harmonic Memory: A Knowledge Graph of harmonic patterns as a trustworthy framework for computational creativity

Author:Jacopo de Berardinis, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Andrea Poltronieri, Valentina Presutti

Publication:International World Wide Web Conference (WWW / TheWebConf 2023)

Date:13.04.2023

Computationally creative systems for music have recently achieved impressive results, fuelled by progress in generative machine learn- ing. However, black-box approaches have raised fundamental concerns for ethics, accountability, explainability, and musical plausibility. To enable trustworthy machine creativity, we introduce the Harmonic Memory, a Knowledge Graph (KG) of harmonic patterns extracted from a large and heterogeneous musical corpus. By lever- aging a cognitive model of tonal harmony, chord progressions are segmented into meaningful structures, and patterns emerge from their comparison via harmonic similarity. Akin to a music memory, the KG holds temporal connections between consecutive patterns, as well as salient similarity relationships. After demonstrating the validity of our choices, we provide examples of how this design enables novel pathways for combinational creativity. The memory provides a fully accountable and explainable framework to inspire and support creative professionals – allowing for the discovery of progressions consistent with given criteria, the recomposition of harmonic sections, but also the co-creation of new progressions.

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Title:Data journeys: explaining AI workflows through abstraction

Author:Enrico Daga; Paul Groth

Publication:Semantic Web (IOS Press)

Date:14.04.2023

Artificial intelligence systems are not simply built on a single dataset or trained model. Instead, they are made by complex data science workflows involving multiple datasets, models, preparation scripts, and algorithms. Given this complexity, in order to understand these AI systems, we need to provide explanations of their functioning at higher levels of abstraction.
To tackle this problem, we focus on the extraction and representation of {\em data journeys} from these workflows. A data journey is a multi-layered semantic representation of data processing activity linked to data science code and assets.
We propose an ontology to capture the essential elements of a data journey and an approach to extract such data journeys.
Using a corpus of Python notebooks from Kaggle, we show that we are able to capture high-level semantic data flow that is more compact than using the code structure itself. Furthermore, we show that introducing an intermediate knowledge graph representation outperforms models that rely only on the code itself. Finally, we report on a user survey to reflect on the challenges and opportunities presented by computational data journeys for explainable AI.

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Title:Knowledge Graph Construction From MusicXML: An Empirical Investigation With SPARQL Anything

Author:Marco Ratta; Enrico Daga

Publication:CEUR-WS

Date:28.10.2022

Multimodal knowledge graphs are gaining momentum because of their ability to integrate multiple types of representations.
In particular, Musical Heritage Knowledge Graphs combine rich contextual information — metadata from encyclopedic KGs, with symbolic content — the scores encoded in a music ontology.
In this paper, we explore the application of SPARQL Anything — a tool for façade-based knowledge graph construction (KGC) — for integrating musical content encoded in MusicXML.
Specifically, we investigate the hypothesis that SPARQL is flexible enough to handle relevant tasks for musical knowledge graph construction such as (a) extracting melodic information, (b) extracting N-grams of musical information, (c) supporting the analysis of those N-grams and (d) populate a musical note ontology.
We contribute a collection of reusable queries for extracting musical features from MusicXML files to construct Musical Knowledge Graphs.
Crucially, we discuss friction points in using the façade-based approach (either in querying the façade or transforming the data) and provide recommendations on how to improve the usability of SPARQL for musical KGC tasks.

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Title:Knowledge Graph Construction with a façade: a unified method to access heterogeneous data sources on the Web

Author:Luigi Asprino; Enrico Daga; Paul Mulholland; Aldo Gangemi

Publication:ACM Transactions on Internet Technologies (TOIT)

Date:28.10.2022

Data integration is the dominant use case for RDF Knowledge Graphs. However, Web resources come in formats with weak semantics (for example CSV and JSON), or formats specific to a given application (for example BibTex, HTML, and Markdown). To solve this problem, Knowledge Graph Construction (KGC) is gaining momentum due to its focus on supporting users in transforming data into RDF. However, using existing KGC frameworks result in complex data processing pipelines, which mix structural and semantic mappings, whose development and maintenance constitute a significant bottleneck for KG engineers. Such frameworks force users to rely on different tools, sometimes based on heterogeneous languages, for inspecting sources, designing mappings, and generating triples, thus making the process unnecessarily complicated. We argue that it is possible and desirable to equip KG engineers with the ability of interacting with Web data formats by relying on their expertise in RDF and the well-established SPARQL query language.
In this article, we study a unified method for data access to heterogeneous data sources with Facade-X, a meta-model implemented in a new data integration system called SPARQL Anything. We demonstrate that our approach is theoretically sound, since it allows a single meta-model, based on RDF, to represent data from (a) any file format expressible in BNF syntax, as well as (b) any relational database. We compare our method to state-of-the-art approaches in terms of usability (cognitive complexity of the mappings) and general performance. Finally, we discuss the benefits and challenges of this novel approach by engaging with the reference user community.

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Title:The Music Annotation Pattern

Author:Jacopo de Berardinis, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Andrea Poltronieri and Valentina Presutti

Publication:Workshop on Ontology Design Patterns (WOP)

Date:31.10.2022

The annotation of music content is a complex process to represent due to its inherent multifaceted, subjectivity, and interdisciplinary nature. Numerous systems and conventions for annotating music have been developed as independent standards over the past decades. Little has been done to make them interoperable, which jeopardises cross-corpora studies as it requires users to familiarise with a multitude of conventions. Most of these systems lack the semantic expressiveness needed to represent the complexity of the musical language and cannot model multi-modal annotations originating from audio and symbolic sources. In this article, we introduce the Music Annotation Pattern, an Ontology Design Pattern (ODP) to homogenise different annotation systems and to represent several types of musical objects (e.g. chords, patterns, structures). This ODP preserves the semantics of the object’s content at different levels and temporal granularity. Moreover, our ODP accounts for multi-modality upfront, to describe annotations derived from different sources, and it is the first to enable the integration of music datasets at a large scale.

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Title:Towards improving Wikidata reuse with emerging patterns

Author:Valentina Anita Carriero, Paul Groth and Valentina Presutti

Publication:Wikidata Workshop

Date:31.10.2022

The ontology underlying Wikidata has not been formalized. Instead, its semantics emerges from the use of its classes and properties. Flexible rules and suggestions have been defined by the Wikidata project for the use of its ontology, however, it is still often difficult to reuse the ontology’s constructs. In this paper, we describe a method for extracting emerging patterns from (a domain-specific portion of) Wikidata, in the form of statistically frequent domain-property-range triplets. We show the results of our experiments on a Wikidata subset addressing the music domain, and compare them with the current support present in Wikidata. These patterns can provide guidance for the use of the Wikidata ontology and its potential improvement.
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Title:ARTchives: a Linked Open Data native catalogue of art historians’ archives

Author:Marilena Daquino, Lucia Giagnolini, Francesca Tomasi

Publication:Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL)

Date:25.11.2021

Proceedings of Linked Archives International Workshop 2021 co-located with 25th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL 2021).

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Title:Semantic Integration of MIR Datasets with the Polifonia Ontology Network

Author:Valentina Anita Carriero, Fiorela Ciroku, Jacopo de Berardinis, Delfina Sol Martínez Pandiani, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Andrea Poltronieri, Valentina Presutti.

Publication:International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2021), Late Breaking & Demo session (2021)

Date:01.11.2021

Integration between different data formats, and between data belonging to different collections, is an ongoing challenge in the MIR field. Semantic Web tools have proved to be promising resources for making different types of music information interoperable. However, the use of these technologies has so far been limited and scattered in the field. To address this, the Polifonia project 1
is developing an ontological ecosystem that can cover a wide variety of musical aspects (musical features, instruments, emotions, performances). In this paper, we present the Polifonia Ontology Network, an ecosystem that enables and fosters the transition towards Semantic MIR.

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Title:MIDI Representation with Graph Embeddings

Author:Pasquale Lisena, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Raphaël Troncy

Publication:International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2021), Late Breaking & Demo session (2021)

Date:01.11.2021

In MIR, feature extraction has been extensively used for learning models of MIDI. We propose an alternative approach that relies on the extraction of latent features from a graph of connected nodes. We show that our MIDI2vec approach has good performance in metadata prediction.

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Title:MIDI2vec: Learning MIDI Embeddings for Reliable Prediction of Symbolic Music Metadata

Author:Pasquale Lisena, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Raphaël Troncy

Publication:IOS Press (2021)

Date:01.09.2021

An important problem in large symbolic music collections is the low availability of high-quality metadata, which is essential for various information retrieval tasks. Traditionally, systems have addressed this by relying either on costly human annotations or on rule-based systems at a limited scale. Recently, embedding strategies have been exploited for representing latent factors in graphs of connected nodes. In this work, we propose MIDI2vec, a new approach for representing MIDI files as vectors based on graph embedding techniques. Our strategy consists of representing the MIDI data as a graph, including the information about tempo, time signature, programs and notes. Next, we run and optimise node2vec for generating embeddings using random walks in the graph. We demonstrate that the resulting vectors can successfully be employed for predicting the musical genre and other metadata such as the composer, the instrument or the movement. In particular, we conduct experiments using those vectors as input to a Feed-Forward Neural Network and we report good comparable accuracy scores in the prediction with respect to other approaches relying purely on symbolic music, avoiding feature engineering and producing highly scalable and reusable
models with low dimensionality. Our proposal has real-world applications in automated metadata tagging for symbolic music, for example in digital libraries for musicology, datasets for machine learning, and knowledge graph completion.

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Title:Integrating citizen experiences in cultural heritage archives: requirements, state of the art, and challenges

Author:Daga, Enrico; Asprino, Luigi; Damiano, Rossana; Daquino, Marilena; Diaz Agudo, Belen; Gangemi, Aldo; Kuflik, Tsvi; Lieto, Antonio; Marras, Anna Maria; Martinez Pandiani, Delfina; Mulholland, Paul; Peroni, Silvio; Pescarin, Sofia; Wecker, Alan.

Publication:ACM JOCCH (2021)

Date:01.01.2021

Digital archives of memory institutions are typically concerned with the cataloguing of artefacts of artistic, historical, and cultural value. Recently, new forms of citizen participation in cultural heritage have emerged, producing a wealth of material spanning from visitors’ experiential feedback on exhibitions and cultural artefacts, to digitally mediated interactions like the ones happening on social media platforms. Citizen curation is proposed in the context of the European project SPICE – Social Participation, Cohesion, and Inclusion through Cultural Engagement – as a methodology for producing, collecting, interpreting, and archiving people’s responses to cultural objects, with the aim of favouring the emergence of multiple, sometimes conflicting viewpoints, and motivating users and memory institutions to reflect upon them.
We argue that citizen curation urges to rethink the nature of computational infrastructures supporting data management of memory institutions, bringing novel challenges that include issues of distribution, authoritativeness, interdependence, privacy, and rights management. To approach these issues, we survey relevant literature towards a distributed, Linked Data infrastructure, with a focus on identifying the roles and requirements involved in such an infrastructure. We show how existing research can contribute significantly in facing the challenges raised by citizen curation, and discuss challenges and opportunities from the socio-technical standpoint.

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Title:The Polifonia portal: a confluence of user stories, research pilots, data management and knowledge graph technology

Author:Scharnhorst Andrea, Admiraal Femmy, van Kranenburg Peter, Guillotel-Nothmann Christophe, Mulholland Paul

Publication:DARIAH Annual event

Date:07.09.2021

This paper takes as an example the envisioned portal of the newly started Polifonia project that interlinks resources from very rich, old, established archives while making optimal use of the latest semantic web technologies. In the project, ten research pilots, spanning from historical bells and organ heritage, classification of polyphonic notated music, to the historical role of music in children’s lives, form the driving force behind the development of the dedicated interface.

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Title:Sequential Linked Data: the State of Affairs

Author:Enrico Daga, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Enrico Motta

Publication:Semantic Web–Interoperability, Usability, Applicability (2021): In-press.

Date:21.07.2021

Software and data for the experiments in “Sequential Linked Data: the state of affairs”

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Title:Facade-X: an Opinionated Approach to SPARQL Anything

Author:Enrico Daga, Luigi Asprino, Paul Mulholland, Aldo Gangemi

Publication:SEMANTICS 2021, Amsterdam, September 2021. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.02361 (2021).

Date:21.07.2021

SPARQL-Anything/sparql.anything

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Title:Analysis of music repositories to identify musical patterns

Author:James McDermott (NUIG) and Danny Diamond (NUIG) and Abdul Shahid Khattak (NUIG) and Peter van Krannenburg (KNAW) and Jacopo de Berardinis (KCL) and Andrea Poltron- ieri (UNIBO) and Albert Meroño Peñuela (KCL) and Raphaël Fournier-S’niehotta (CNAM) and Tiange Zhu (CNAM)

Publication:Report

Date:31.12.2021

Deliverable D3.2
Report on experiments with music representations to identify statistically significant patterns in available repositories of structured music information.

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Title:Policy brief

Author:Jesse de Vos (NISV, task leader), Valentina Presutti (UNIBO), Albert Merona Penuela (KCL), Marilena Daquino (UNIBO), James McDermott (NUI GALWAY), Marco Gurrieri (CNRS), Enrico Daga (OU), Andrea Scharnhorst (KNAW), Nicole Emmenegger (NISV)

Publication:Report

Date:31.12.2021

Deliverable D6.4
Reports, in the form or recommendation targeting policy makers, a summary of the project results so far and the lessons learned by all partners. (1st version)

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Title:Roadmap and pilot requirements 1st version

Author:Thomas Bottini (CNRS-IReMus), Valentina Anita Carriero (UNIBO), Jason Carvalho (OU), Philippe Cathé (Sorbonne-IReMus), Fiorela Ciroku (UNIBO), Enrico Daga (OU), Marilena Daquino (UNIBO), Achille Davy-Rigaux (CNRS-IReMus), Christophe Guillotel-Nothmann (CNRS-IReMus) [Task leader], Marco Gurrieri (CNRS-IReMus), Philo van Kemenade (NISV), Eleonora Marzi (UNIBO), Albert Meroño Peñuela (KCL), Paul Mulholland (OU), Elena Musumeci (MiC), Valentina Presutti (UNIBO), Andrea Scharnhorst (KNAW)

Publication:Report

Date:30.06.2021

Deliverable D1.1
Outlines the modalities by which the resources, needs, objectives and quality standards of the pilots will be defined.

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Title:Pilots development – collaborative methodology and tools

Author:Enrico Daga The Open University (OU), Albert Merono (KCL), Marilena Daquino and Fiorela Ciroku (UNIBO), Elena Musumeci (MiC), Marco Guerrieri (CNRS), Andrea Scharnhorst and Femmy Admiraal (KNAW), Raphaël Fournier-S’niehotta (CNAM)

Publication:Report

Date:30.06.2021

Deliverable D1.3
Describes the role of the Technical Board and the methods and tools used to support the collaboration and coordination of technical efforts from the partners towards the realisation of the ecosystem of software and tools supporting the pilots

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Title:First Data Management Plan

Author:Femmy Admiraal (KNAW) Task lead, Andrea Scharnhorst (KNAW) Task lead, Enrico Daga (OU), Marilena Daquino (UNIBO), Elena Musumeci (MiC), Peter van Kranenburg (KNAW), Christophe Guillotel-Nothmann (CNRS-IReMus), Marco Gurrieri (CNRS-IReMus), Valentina Presutti (UNIBO), Marta Clementi (UNIBO), Albert Meroño Peñuela (KCL), Monica Turci (UNIBO), Eleonora Marzi (UNIBO), Antonio Puglisi (DP), Raphaël Fournier-S’niehotta (CNAM)

Publication:ORDP: Open Research Data Pilot

Date:30.06.2021

Deliverable D7.1
First version of a Data Management Plan (DMP) to support the management of the outputs of the project during the development of the project, and after the project has ended.

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Title:Web presence and Polifonia image

Author:Antonio Puglisi (DP, Task Leader); Letizia Scalise and Danilo Di Capua (DP); Yasemin Bagci (NISV)

Publication:Report

Date:28.02.2021

Deliverable D6.6
Development of a digital communication plan to present Polyphony and the results achieved by the project.
Development of the brand image of the project and the required communication materials.

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Title:Plan for Exploitation, Dissemination and Communication of Results – 1st version

Author:Yasemin Bagci and Jesse de Vos (NISV, Task Leaders); Nicole Emmenegger (NISV)

Publication:Report

Date:30.06.2021

Deliverable D6.1
The initial strategy for project dissemination and communication. This is based on a needs analysis of the different target user groups. Start of the Dissemination and Communication Team and the initiation of the editorial outreach calendar.

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Title:Plurilingual corpora containing source texts in English, French, Spanish and German

Author:Rocco Tripodi, UNIBO; Eleonora Marzi, UNIBO; Andrea Poltronieri, UNIBO; Valentina Presutti, UNIBO; Angelo Pombilio, UNIBO; Antonella Luporini, UNIBO; Peter van Kranenburg – KNAW; Entico Daga – OU

Publication:Other

Date:30.10.2021

Deliverable D4.1
Release of plurilingual corpora containing source texts in English, French, Spanish and German

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Title:Software tool for pattern extraction

Author:Danny Diamond (NUIG) and Abdul Sahid and James McDer- mott (NUIG), and Jacopo de Berardinis (KCL) and Andrea Poltronieri (UNIBO) and Peter van Kranenburg (KNAW)

Publication:Other

Date:31.12.2021

Deliverable D3.1
Open source software and documentation for the task of extracting musically meaningful repeating patterns from a corpus of melodies.

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Title:Ontologies and knowledge graphs of music objects, patterns, and software package – 1st version

Author:Albert Meroño-Peñuela (KCL), Jacopo de Berardinis (KCL), Delfina Sol Martinez Pandiani (UNIBO), Valentina Anita Carriero (UNIBO), Mari Wigham (NISV), Andrea Poltronieri (UNIBO), Fiorela Ciroku (UNIBO), Christophe Guillotel-Nothmann (IReMus), Philippe Rigaux (IReMuS)

Publication:Other

Date:31.12.2021

Deliverable D2.1
Description of ontologies for musical objects (Score Ontology), patterns (Musicianship Ontology), and musical heritage metadata. Technical report of the software that transforms music collections into knowledge graphs according to these ontologies.

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